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Viceregal School. Cuzco. Peru. 17th century.

In Vanitas, Parables and Devotions

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Viceregal School. Cuzco. Peru. 17th century.

“Saint Ursula and the eleven thousand virgins”.

Oil on canvas. Relined.

90 x 74 cm.

 

Among the main literary sources on the life and martyrdom of St. Ursula and the 11,000 virgins are the "Historia regum Britanniae" by Godfrey of Monmouth (ca. 1136), the "Liber revelationum de sacro exercitu virginum Coloniensum", written between 1156 and 1157 by the Benedictine nun Elisabeth of Schönau, inspired by the Passion of the saint written in the tenth century, and the story embellished by Blessed Hermann Joseph of Steinfeld. In addition to the aforementioned texts, there is the legend of the saint collected by Jacopo da Varazze in his "Golden Legend". The legend of Saint Ursula arose in 1106, following the discovery of a series of human bones in an ancient cemetery in Cologne, known as "ager Ursulanus" because of an inscription mentioning a "virgo Ursula", who died at the age of eighteen. Saint Ursula was the daughter of the monarchs of Brittany. News of her beauty reached the ears of the king of England, who sent emissaries to ask for the hand of the princess for his son Ethereus, or Conan, according to the testimony of Godfrey of Monmouth. Should she decline his request, England would declare war on Brittany. Ursula accepted the proposal, but in exchange her fiancé had to be baptized and go with her on a pilgrimage to Rome. For this she requested that ten noble maidens accompany her, and a thousand maidservants for each of them.


In Cologne, an angel announced to the saint that in Rome she would be martyred in the company of the virgins who accompanied her. In Basel, Pope Cyril knew that he would find martyrdom with St. Ursula. He then resigned the papacy and joined the retinue, an example followed by other prelates who decided to accompany the young women on their journey. Once in Rome, two army generals, Maximus and Africanus, concerned about the devotion aroused by the retinue led by St. Ursula, ordered them all killed. They warned the leader of the Huns that they would soon arrive in Cologne, on their way back to Brittany. Upon their arrival, all the members of the retinue were killed.

However, dazzled by her beauty, the king of the Huns fell in love with St. Ursula. He promised to spare her life if she would agree to marry him. When Saint Ursula refused his proposal, Julius shot an arrow through her heart. All the virgins were buried in the same place, which became known in the 12th century as "Ager Ursulanus". This became the main focus of the spread of the cult of St. Ursula and the 11,000 virgins throughout Europe. Moreover, the number of martyred virgins allowed for an unprecedented diffusion of relics. However, the excessively high number of martyred girls, as well as the lack of historical proof of the story and the impossibility of determining the date on which the slaughter would have taken place, caused the tide to turn against the survival of the cult of St. Ursula, which declined from the sixteenth century onwards. It should also be noted that, in the oldest preserved texts, it is not Saint Ursula, but Saint Pinosa who appears at the head of the retinue. As distinctive attributes, Saint Ursula usually carries an arrow, a crown and the palm of martyrdom. The iconographic cycles centered on the life of Saint Ursula date mainly from the 14th and 15th centuries, the two most important being that decorating the "Reliquary of Saint Ursula", by Hans Memling in 1489, preserved in the Hospital of Saint John, in Bruges, and the one made between 1490 and 1496 by Vittore Carpaccio for the Scuola di sant'Orsola, a confraternity founded in 1300, today in the Gallery of the Academy of Venice.

Saint Ursula is the patron saint of the district of Viraco, province of Castilla, department of Arequipa, in Peru; being known as “The saint of the hat”. In her honor, a series of activities are carried out, such as bullfighting, cockfighting, agricultural fairs, entrance mass, feast mass, farewell mass, procession through the main streets of the town and communal dances.

Viceregal School. Cuzco. Peru. 17th century.

“Saint Ursula and the eleven thousand virgins”.

Oil on canvas. Relined.

90 x 74 cm.

 

Among the main literary sources on the life and martyrdom of St. Ursula and the 11,000 virgins are the "Historia regum Britanniae" by Godfrey of Monmouth (ca. 1136), the "Liber revelationum de sacro exercitu virginum Coloniensum", written between 1156 and 1157 by the Benedictine nun Elisabeth of Schönau, inspired by the Passion of the saint written in the tenth century, and the story embellished by Blessed Hermann Joseph of Steinfeld. In addition to the aforementioned texts, there is the legend of the saint collected by Jacopo da Varazze in his "Golden Legend". The legend of Saint Ursula arose in 1106, following the discovery of a series of human bones in an ancient cemetery in Cologne, known as "ager Ursulanus" because of an inscription mentioning a "virgo Ursula", who died at the age of eighteen. Saint Ursula was the daughter of the monarchs of Brittany. News of her beauty reached the ears of the king of England, who sent emissaries to ask for the hand of the princess for his son Ethereus, or Conan, according to the testimony of Godfrey of Monmouth. Should she decline his request, England would declare war on Brittany. Ursula accepted the proposal, but in exchange her fiancé had to be baptized and go with her on a pilgrimage to Rome. For this she requested that ten noble maidens accompany her, and a thousand maidservants for each of them.


In Cologne, an angel announced to the saint that in Rome she would be martyred in the company of the virgins who accompanied her. In Basel, Pope Cyril knew that he would find martyrdom with St. Ursula. He then resigned the papacy and joined the retinue, an example followed by other prelates who decided to accompany the young women on their journey. Once in Rome, two army generals, Maximus and Africanus, concerned about the devotion aroused by the retinue led by St. Ursula, ordered them all killed. They warned the leader of the Huns that they would soon arrive in Cologne, on their way back to Brittany. Upon their arrival, all the members of the retinue were killed.

However, dazzled by her beauty, the king of the Huns fell in love with St. Ursula. He promised to spare her life if she would agree to marry him. When Saint Ursula refused his proposal, Julius shot an arrow through her heart. All the virgins were buried in the same place, which became known in the 12th century as "Ager Ursulanus". This became the main focus of the spread of the cult of St. Ursula and the 11,000 virgins throughout Europe. Moreover, the number of martyred virgins allowed for an unprecedented diffusion of relics. However, the excessively high number of martyred girls, as well as the lack of historical proof of the story and the impossibility of determining the date on which the slaughter would have taken place, caused the tide to turn against the survival of the cult of St. Ursula, which declined from the sixteenth century onwards. It should also be noted that, in the oldest preserved texts, it is not Saint Ursula, but Saint Pinosa who appears at the head of the retinue. As distinctive attributes, Saint Ursula usually carries an arrow, a crown and the palm of martyrdom. The iconographic cycles centered on the life of Saint Ursula date mainly from the 14th and 15th centuries, the two most important being that decorating the "Reliquary of Saint Ursula", by Hans Memling in 1489, preserved in the Hospital of Saint John, in Bruges, and the one made between 1490 and 1496 by Vittore Carpaccio for the Scuola di sant'Orsola, a confraternity founded in 1300, today in the Gallery of the Academy of Venice.

Saint Ursula is the patron saint of the district of Viraco, province of Castilla, department of Arequipa, in Peru; being known as “The saint of the hat”. In her honor, a series of activities are carried out, such as bullfighting, cockfighting, agricultural fairs, entrance mass, feast mass, farewell mass, procession through the main streets of the town and communal dances.

Vanitas, Parables and Devotions

Auktionsdatum
Lose: 1-195
Ort der Versteigerung
Conde de Salvatierra, 8
Barcelona
08006
Spain

Generelle Versandinformationen vom Auktionshaus verfügbar

The purchase price includes the delivery of the lots in the venue of the auction. Transporting to other destinations is at the own risk of the client. The customer must contact "LST", to give the corresponding instructions for such transporting. "LST" is not responsible for the packaging or any accident incurred during transportation.

Wichtige Informationen

   

 

AGB

CONDITIONS OF THE AUCTION:

I. REGISTRATION. To bid in the room customers must register at the beginning, filling out a form and picking a number that will identify them during the auction. Customers may be required to register in bank references or other guarantee system and if they do not prove the solvency "LST" will not accept bids and award the auction.

II. WRITTEN BIDS. "LST" will accept written bids, which will be formalized in the form provided by the room until the day before the auction. In such auctions, the room will bid in name of the client until the maximum stated in the offer and always at the lowest possible price. If there are two or more bids for the same amount, the one placed first will have the priority. Written bids received in advance, will have priority on the day of the auction.

III. TELEPHONE BIDS. "LST" will allow telephone bids, if interested people contact "LST" days before the auction providing personal data, ID card and the phone number which will be used by the staff of "LST" to call at the time of the auction. The buyer, within all the legal rights is making an offer for the asking price, when applies for telephone bid. "LST" will not take responsibility for any technical defects beyond its control, which may prevent to contact successfully the bidder during the auction.

IV. AUCTIONEER. The auction will be conducted by an auctioneer, director of the auction will be judge and arbitrator of it with full authority in its development, will award the lots to the highest bidder and is able to settle any controversy concerning lots sale, reject bids, divide lots or group them and remover objects from the room. Will be able to, if it is deemed suitable, not accept bids on the auction. His decision will be unappealable.

V. SALE OF LOTS. The lots are awarded to the highest bidder. Once the auctioneer blows the hammer, the buyer becomes responsible of the lot purchased, exempting "LST" of liability to for any damage and / or accidents that may occur. No refunds of lots.

VI. STARTING PRICE. The amount shown in the catalogue as the starting price for each lot will be, as a rule, the minimum selling price, except for exceptional cases where a reservation may be agreed upon with the seller or it set discretionary by the room.

VII. SCALE OF BIDS. The bids are set according to the following scale:

From 50.-€ to 200.-€…………………………………………..at 10.-€

From 200.-€ to 500.-€…………………………………… …25 in 25.-€

From 500.-€ to 1.000.-€………………………………..…..….50 in 50.-€

From 1.000.-€ to 2.000.-€………………………………..…100 in 100.-€

From 2.000.-€ to 5.000.-€……………………………….….250 in 250.-€

From 5.000.-€ to 10.000.-€…………………………………500 in 500.-€

From 10.000.-€ to 20.000.-€……………………………1.000 in 1.000.-€

From 20.000.-€ to 50.000.-€……………………………2.500 in 2.500.-€

From 50.000.-€ to 100.000.-€…………………………..5.000 in 5.000.-€

From 100.000.-€ to 100.000.-€………………………10.000 in 10.000.-€

From 200.000.-€ to 200.000.-€………………………25.000 in 25.000.-€

From 500.000.-€ to 500.000.-€………………………50.000 in 50.000.-€

VIII. RIGHT OF ADMISION. "LST" reserves the right to admission to the auction room and to reject, at its judgment, any purchase order, from clients whose solvency is not duly proved as well as not to sale auctions.

IX. SALE PRICES. The successful bidder of one or more lots must pay "LST" the final sale price achieves at auction, plus the 24,5 % plus 21% VAT on the commission, at total 29,64 % on Hammer Price.

X. CATALOG DATA. The catalogue data are obtained in order to careful research and advice, however, any responsibility is afforded about its accuracy. The lots will be auctioned in the state in which they are, not accepting any claims in restorations, breakage, damage, imperfections and, even description or numbering mistakes in the catalogue, in case of it, being the burden of the buyers to make sure before the auction that the description matches with their personal opinion about respective lot. The exhibition of the lots is intended to allow a perfect review and study of them.

XI. PAYMENT AND REMOVAL OF LOTS. Payment and removal of the lots will be held no later than five days following the auction. After this period expire without having the buyer removed the lot or lots purchases, it will accrue an expense of custody of 6 euros per day on each lot.

15 days after the auction without having the buyer paid and removes the sold lots, "LST" will inform the seller and there will begin judicial proceeding in order to obtain payment. The delay in payment by the purchaser of his/her sold lots will carry an interest increase at a rate of 1,5% per month.

XII. DELIVERY OF LOTS. The purchase price includes the delivery of the lots in the venue of the auction. Transporting to other destinations is at the own risk of the client. The customer must contact "LST", to give the corresponding instructions for such transporting. "LST" is not responsible for the packaging or any accident incurred during transportation.

XIII. RIGHT OF FIRT REFUSAL AND REPURCHASE. "LST" in order to article 38 of "Ley 16/1985 de 25 Junio del Patrimonio Histórico Español" (BOE. 155 June 29, 1985), will notify in advance to the Ministry of Culture, the content of their catalogues. Concerning the lots subject to the legislation referred to in the preceding paragraph, the Administration may exercise the rights of first refusal and repurchase according to the law. "LST" will watch over the protection of Artistic, Historical and Bibliographical Heritage of Spain. For customers out of European Community, a tax for export is required by the Administration.

XIV. VALUE ADDED TAX (I.V.A). This tax will be accrued on commissions of "LST" for buyers, using the rates prevailing on the date of the auction.

XV. DATA PROTECTION. In order to the "Ley 15/1999 de 13 de Diciembre, de Protección de Datos de Carácter Personal", the client authorize "LST", the inclusion of their data in a customer file, and for the promotion by "LST" of the objects at all times the rights of access, rectification or deletion of personal data by sending the appropriate request to the following address: LA SUITE SUBASTAS, C/ Conde Salvatierra, 8, 08006. Barcelona.

XVI. EXPRESS LEGAL JURISDICTION. These Conditions are governed by and interpreted in accordance with the rules of Spanish law. The mere act of participating in the auction as seller, buyer or bidder, implies acceptance of these Terms and Conditions.

Sales operations are understood to be held at the registered office of "LST", C/ Conde de Salvatierra, 8, 08006. Any dispute shall be taken to the competent courts of Barcelona, expressly waiving any other jurisdiction, in accordance with Article 55 of the "Ley de Enjuiciamiento Civil".

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Stichworte: Oil on Canvas, Öl Gemälde