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Koppchen und Untertasse in "émail de Saxe"

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Koppchen und Untertasse in "émail de Saxe"
Farbiges Maleremail und Goldrelief auf Kupfer, Vergoldung. Zweischalige Konstruktion. Auf den Außenseiten je drei goldene Vierpassreserven mit Blatt- und Rocaillenreliefs um fein gemalte Kauffahrteiszenen, dazwischen kleinere Felder mit Gitterdekoren, darüber Blumengebinde an blauen Schleifen. Innenschale komplett vergoldet. Auf dem Boden der UT optisch dreidimensionales Gitterwerk. Ohne Marke. Koppchen H 4,34, D 7,3, UT D 11,6 cm.
Berlin, Werkstatt Pierre und Alexander Fromery, der Dekor Christian Friedrich Herold, zugeschrieben.

Eines der berühmtesten Berliner Luxusprodukte des 18. Jahrhunderts war das sogenannte "émail de Saxe". Die Erfindung dieses speziellen Maleremails geht auf den gebürtigen Franzose Pierre Fromery (1655 - 1738) zurück, der zusätzlich als Hofwaffenschmied tätig war. In seiner Galanteriewarenfirma arbeitete ein begabter junger Berliner als Emailmaler, und zwar der um 1700 geborene Christian Friedrich Herold. Dieser heuerte 1725 als Geselle auf der prestigeträchtigen neuen Malerstube der Meißener Manufaktur bei Johann Gregorius Hoeroldt an und wurde dort schon am 8. Januar 1726 als Porzellanmaler übernommen. Sein Schwerpunkt war zunächst das von Hoeroldt festgelegte Repertoire „Feine Japp.[anische] Figuren und Landschafften“. Zeitgleich entwickelte er ein eigenes Sujet, in dem er sich spezialisierte, nämlich die sogenannten „Kauffahrteiszenen“, Handelsszenen aus den südeuropäischen Hafenstädten, die auch auf diesem Koppchen und der Untertasse abgebildet sind. Das Thema war naheliegend: Meißen produzierte zahlreiche Kaffee-, Tee- und Schokoladenservice für den europäischen Hochadel, und die Zutaten für diese Getränke wurden aus den Kolonien über den Seeweg nach Europa gebracht.
Neben seinem Engagement in Meißen hat Christian Friedrich Herold weiterhin für Pierre und, nach dessen Tod, für seinen Sohn Alexander Fromery produziert. Das belegt der Rapport einer Hausdurchsuchung vom Januar 1737, bei der man Kupferemailarbeiten in seiner Meißener Wohnung fand. Im Jahr 1744 wurde er sogar wegen des Diebstahls von Purpur, das er für die Bemalung von Dosen benötigte, mit vier Wochen Gefängnis bestraft.
Der Begriff „émail de Saxe“ wurde vielleicht in Frankreich für diese Produkte geprägt, vielleicht geht er aber zurück auf den Franzosen Pierre Fromery oder seinen sehr geschäftstüchtigen Sohne Alexander, aber die Berechtigung für diese Bezeichnung verdankte die Firma Fromery Christian Friedrich Herold.


Provenienz
1993 erworben bei Hans H. Mischell, Köln.
Westfälische Privatsammlung.

Literatur
Zum "Email de Saxe" s. Weinhold, Emailmalerei an Augsburger Goldschmiedearbeiten von 1650 - 1750, München-Berlin 2000, S. 157 ff., Kat. Nr. 146 f.
Ein gleiches Koppchen mit Unterschale ehemals Sammlung Margarete Oppenheim (verst. Julius Böhler, München, vom 18. - 20. Mai 1936, Lot 559, Taf. 42, damals für 400 Reichsmark verkauft).
Ein weiteres gleiches Koppchen mit Unterschale in der Sammlung The Metropolitan Museum of Art New York, acc. no. 64.101.393, 394 (bei Hackenbroch, Meissen and other Continental Porcelain. The Collection of Irwin Untermyer, Cambridge 1956, fig. 234).
Zu Herold S. Rückert, Biographische Daten der Meißner Manufakturisten des 18. Jahrhunderts, München 1990, S. 156 f.





An "émail de Saxe" tea bowl and saucer
Double-walled copper tea bowl decorated in enamels with merchant navy scenes in three gilt quatrefoil reserves, trellis pattern panels and a border of floral swags hanging from blue ribbons. The inner bowl entirely gilt, the well of the saucer with trompe l'oeil gilt trellis pattern decor. Unmarked. H tea bowl 4.34, D 7.3, D saucer 11.6 cm.
Berlin, workshop of Pierre and Alexander Fromery, decor attributed to Christian Friedrich Herold.

One of the most famous luxury products to be produced in Berlin in the 18th century was the so-called “émail de Saxe”. The invention of this special form of enamel paint goes back to the French-born Pierre Fromery (1655 - 1738), who was also active as an armour smith to the court. His fancy goods store also employed an especially talented young enamel painter from Berlin named Christian Friedrich Herold, who was born in around 1700. He was later employed as a journeyman at the prestigious new painting studio of the Meissen porcelain manufactory under Johann Gregorius Hoeroldt in 1725, and was already promoted to porcelain painter there on 8th January 1726. He first focussed on the repertoire of “Fine Japanese figures and landscapes” developed by Hoeroldt, but at the same time he developed his own specialist subject: the so-called “merchant navy scenes”. These compositions, which depict scenes of merchants in Southern European harbour towns, also decorate the present work. It was an obvious choice of motif, since Meissen produced numerous coffee, tea, and hot chocolate services for the European aristocracy, and the ingredients for these drinks were brought to Europe by ship from the colonies. Alongside working for Meissen, Christian Friedrich Herold continued working for Pierre Fromery and later for his son Alexander. This is documented in the findings of a search carried out at his apartment in Meissen in January 1737, in which works painted on copper were discovered. In 1744 he was also found guilty of stealing purple pigment, which he needed for the decoration of copper boxes, and punished with four weeks imprisonment. The term “émail de Saxe” for these products was presumably coined in France, but it may also have been invented by the Frenchman Pierre Fromery or his industrious son Alexander. However, it was Christian Friedrich Herold who gave the firm the right to bear this name.

Provenance
Acquired in 1993 from Hans H. Mischell, Cologne.
Private collection, Westphalia.

Literature
For more on "Email de Saxe" cf. Weinhold, Emailmalerei an Augsburger Goldschmiedearbeiten von 1650 - 1750, Munich-Berlin 2000, p. 157 ff., cat. no. 146 f.
An identical tea bowl and saucer formerly housed in the collection of Margarete Oppenheim (auctioned by Julius Böhler, Munich, 18th - 20th May 1936, lot 559, pl. 42, sold for 400 Reichsmark).
A further identical tea bowl and saucer is housed in the Metropolitan Museum of Art New York, acc. no. 64.101.393, 394 (Hackenbroch, Meissen and other Continental Porcelain. The Collection of Irwin Untermyer, Cambridge 1956, fig. 234).
For more on Herold, see: Rückert, Biographische Daten der Meißner Manufakturisten des 18. Jahrhunderts, Munich 1990, p. 156 f.





Koppchen und Untertasse in "émail de Saxe"
Farbiges Maleremail und Goldrelief auf Kupfer, Vergoldung. Zweischalige Konstruktion. Auf den Außenseiten je drei goldene Vierpassreserven mit Blatt- und Rocaillenreliefs um fein gemalte Kauffahrteiszenen, dazwischen kleinere Felder mit Gitterdekoren, darüber Blumengebinde an blauen Schleifen. Innenschale komplett vergoldet. Auf dem Boden der UT optisch dreidimensionales Gitterwerk. Ohne Marke. Koppchen H 4,34, D 7,3, UT D 11,6 cm.
Berlin, Werkstatt Pierre und Alexander Fromery, der Dekor Christian Friedrich Herold, zugeschrieben.

Eines der berühmtesten Berliner Luxusprodukte des 18. Jahrhunderts war das sogenannte "émail de Saxe". Die Erfindung dieses speziellen Maleremails geht auf den gebürtigen Franzose Pierre Fromery (1655 - 1738) zurück, der zusätzlich als Hofwaffenschmied tätig war. In seiner Galanteriewarenfirma arbeitete ein begabter junger Berliner als Emailmaler, und zwar der um 1700 geborene Christian Friedrich Herold. Dieser heuerte 1725 als Geselle auf der prestigeträchtigen neuen Malerstube der Meißener Manufaktur bei Johann Gregorius Hoeroldt an und wurde dort schon am 8. Januar 1726 als Porzellanmaler übernommen. Sein Schwerpunkt war zunächst das von Hoeroldt festgelegte Repertoire „Feine Japp.[anische] Figuren und Landschafften“. Zeitgleich entwickelte er ein eigenes Sujet, in dem er sich spezialisierte, nämlich die sogenannten „Kauffahrteiszenen“, Handelsszenen aus den südeuropäischen Hafenstädten, die auch auf diesem Koppchen und der Untertasse abgebildet sind. Das Thema war naheliegend: Meißen produzierte zahlreiche Kaffee-, Tee- und Schokoladenservice für den europäischen Hochadel, und die Zutaten für diese Getränke wurden aus den Kolonien über den Seeweg nach Europa gebracht.
Neben seinem Engagement in Meißen hat Christian Friedrich Herold weiterhin für Pierre und, nach dessen Tod, für seinen Sohn Alexander Fromery produziert. Das belegt der Rapport einer Hausdurchsuchung vom Januar 1737, bei der man Kupferemailarbeiten in seiner Meißener Wohnung fand. Im Jahr 1744 wurde er sogar wegen des Diebstahls von Purpur, das er für die Bemalung von Dosen benötigte, mit vier Wochen Gefängnis bestraft.
Der Begriff „émail de Saxe“ wurde vielleicht in Frankreich für diese Produkte geprägt, vielleicht geht er aber zurück auf den Franzosen Pierre Fromery oder seinen sehr geschäftstüchtigen Sohne Alexander, aber die Berechtigung für diese Bezeichnung verdankte die Firma Fromery Christian Friedrich Herold.


Provenienz
1993 erworben bei Hans H. Mischell, Köln.
Westfälische Privatsammlung.

Literatur
Zum "Email de Saxe" s. Weinhold, Emailmalerei an Augsburger Goldschmiedearbeiten von 1650 - 1750, München-Berlin 2000, S. 157 ff., Kat. Nr. 146 f.
Ein gleiches Koppchen mit Unterschale ehemals Sammlung Margarete Oppenheim (verst. Julius Böhler, München, vom 18. - 20. Mai 1936, Lot 559, Taf. 42, damals für 400 Reichsmark verkauft).
Ein weiteres gleiches Koppchen mit Unterschale in der Sammlung The Metropolitan Museum of Art New York, acc. no. 64.101.393, 394 (bei Hackenbroch, Meissen and other Continental Porcelain. The Collection of Irwin Untermyer, Cambridge 1956, fig. 234).
Zu Herold S. Rückert, Biographische Daten der Meißner Manufakturisten des 18. Jahrhunderts, München 1990, S. 156 f.





An "émail de Saxe" tea bowl and saucer
Double-walled copper tea bowl decorated in enamels with merchant navy scenes in three gilt quatrefoil reserves, trellis pattern panels and a border of floral swags hanging from blue ribbons. The inner bowl entirely gilt, the well of the saucer with trompe l'oeil gilt trellis pattern decor. Unmarked. H tea bowl 4.34, D 7.3, D saucer 11.6 cm.
Berlin, workshop of Pierre and Alexander Fromery, decor attributed to Christian Friedrich Herold.

One of the most famous luxury products to be produced in Berlin in the 18th century was the so-called “émail de Saxe”. The invention of this special form of enamel paint goes back to the French-born Pierre Fromery (1655 - 1738), who was also active as an armour smith to the court. His fancy goods store also employed an especially talented young enamel painter from Berlin named Christian Friedrich Herold, who was born in around 1700. He was later employed as a journeyman at the prestigious new painting studio of the Meissen porcelain manufactory under Johann Gregorius Hoeroldt in 1725, and was already promoted to porcelain painter there on 8th January 1726. He first focussed on the repertoire of “Fine Japanese figures and landscapes” developed by Hoeroldt, but at the same time he developed his own specialist subject: the so-called “merchant navy scenes”. These compositions, which depict scenes of merchants in Southern European harbour towns, also decorate the present work. It was an obvious choice of motif, since Meissen produced numerous coffee, tea, and hot chocolate services for the European aristocracy, and the ingredients for these drinks were brought to Europe by ship from the colonies. Alongside working for Meissen, Christian Friedrich Herold continued working for Pierre Fromery and later for his son Alexander. This is documented in the findings of a search carried out at his apartment in Meissen in January 1737, in which works painted on copper were discovered. In 1744 he was also found guilty of stealing purple pigment, which he needed for the decoration of copper boxes, and punished with four weeks imprisonment. The term “émail de Saxe” for these products was presumably coined in France, but it may also have been invented by the Frenchman Pierre Fromery or his industrious son Alexander. However, it was Christian Friedrich Herold who gave the firm the right to bear this name.

Provenance
Acquired in 1993 from Hans H. Mischell, Cologne.
Private collection, Westphalia.

Literature
For more on "Email de Saxe" cf. Weinhold, Emailmalerei an Augsburger Goldschmiedearbeiten von 1650 - 1750, Munich-Berlin 2000, p. 157 ff., cat. no. 146 f.
An identical tea bowl and saucer formerly housed in the collection of Margarete Oppenheim (auctioned by Julius Böhler, Munich, 18th - 20th May 1936, lot 559, pl. 42, sold for 400 Reichsmark).
A further identical tea bowl and saucer is housed in the Metropolitan Museum of Art New York, acc. no. 64.101.393, 394 (Hackenbroch, Meissen and other Continental Porcelain. The Collection of Irwin Untermyer, Cambridge 1956, fig. 234).
For more on Herold, see: Rückert, Biographische Daten der Meißner Manufakturisten des 18. Jahrhunderts, Munich 1990, p. 156 f.




Modernes Kunstgewerbe / Sammlung Dreßen / Kunstgewerbe / Abraham & David Roentgen

Auktionsdatum
Lose: 300 - 365
Lose: 600 - 795
Lose: 800 - 1231
Lose: 400 - 415
Ort der Versteigerung
Neumarkt 3
Köln
50667
Germany

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1. The art auction house, Kunsthaus Lempertz KG (henceforth referred to as Lempertz), conducts public auctions in terms of § 383 paragraph 3 sentence 1 of the Civil Code as commissioning agent on behalf of the accounts of submitters, who remain anonymous. With regard to its auctioneering terms and conditions drawn up in other languages, the German version remains the official one.

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Henrik Hanstein, sworn public auctioneer
Takuro Ito, Kilian Jay von Seldeneck, auctioneers

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